In 1871 Chambord had no wish to be a constitutional monarch but a semi-absolutist one like his grandfather Charles X. Some French businessmen went overseas, but there were few permanent settlements. Commune = Town or local Council In September 1870 the Third Republic was proclaimed after the defeat of Napoleon III at Sedan. Required fields are marked *. In 1871, the throne was offered to the Comte de Chambord, alias Henry V, the Legitimist pretender to the French throne since the abdication of Charles X, who had abdicated in favour of him, in 1830. It was never intended to be a long-term republic at all.Napoleon III had become the second Emperor of France in 1852, following in the footsteps of his uncle Napoleon I. Alterations or modifications of the constitution can only be effected by the National Assembly, consisting of both chambers sitting together ad hoc. An essential introduction to the major political problems, debates and conflicts which are central to the history of the Third Republic in France, from the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71 to the fall of France in June 1940. The Third Republic, in line with the imperialistic ethos of the day sweeping Europe, developed a worldwide network of colonies. The French Third Republic rose out of the ashes of Napoleon III's Second Empire after its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. The Third Republic was established, but the possibility of a return to monarchy remained into the 1880s. The Third French Republicbegan in 1875 and lasted 65 years. Some French businessmen went overseas, but there were few permanent settlements. Language But the glory of this turn-of-the-century time period came to an end with the outbreak of World War One. France’s longest lasting régime since before the 1789 revolution, the Third Republic was consigned to the history books, as unloved at the end as it had been when first created seventy years earlier. Bismarck forced the French to elect government representatives by voting. When it became clear that he was indeed totally innocent and the victim of a conspiracy, the state itself failed to accept his innocence straight away, and even when he was released from his exile, whispering campaigns still suggested he was actually guilty. In 1870, the defeat of the French Imperial Army in the Franco-Prussian War brought the end of the Empire and the creation of the Third Republic (1871–1940). New inventions made life easier at all social levels, the cultural scene thrived, cabaret, cancan, and the cinema were born, and art took new forms with Impressionism and Art Nouveau. The Catholic Church became deeply involved. The French Third Republic (La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 1870 when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War until 1940 when France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government in France. Throughout its seventy-year history, the Third Republic stumbled from crisis to crisis, from collapsing governments to the appointment of a mentally ill president. Its missionaries were unattached men committed to staying p… Its missionaries were unattached men committed to staying p… #goog-gt-tt {display:none !important;} The siege of Paris was harsh with food shortages and over 40,000 people died. The largest and most important were in North Africa and Vietnam. The Third Republic A provisional government of national defense was set up in 1870 and took as its first task the continuation of the war against the invaders. The birth of the Third Republic (1871) After the disaster of Sedan (2 September 1870) and the capitulation of the Emperor and the whole French army, the Republic was proclaimed in Paris without violence on 4 September 1870. Chambord, then a child, had had the throne snatched from his grasp in 1830. The Third Republic, in line with the imperialistic ethos of the day sweeping Europe, developed a worldwide network of colonies. In the aftermath of the war it was deemed necessary to hold elections to a national assembly which could authorize a formal, legitimate peace. [2], From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Territories and colonies of the French Republic at the end of 1939, https://dmorgan.web.wesleyan.edu/materials/population.htm, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Third_Republic&oldid=7256779, States and territories established in the 19th century, States and territories disestablished in the 20th century, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. The French Third Republic (French: La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government created in France from 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940 after France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the creation of the Vichy government in France. Snatched from his grasp in 1830 ) ; Your email address will not be published,... 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